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3. Notes on individual objects

1H 1025+220, 1H 1933+510.

Blue continua with tex2html_wrap_inline1602, tex2html_wrap_inline1604 and He I 5876 Å in emission.

1H 0928+500.

Blue continuum with bright emission lines and He II 4686 Å stronger than tex2html_wrap_inline1606.

PG 1002+506.

Our spectrum is remarkably similar to the unpublished one by Ringwald (1993), with tex2html_wrap_inline1608 in emission but higher Balmer lines in deep, relatively narrow absorption onto of a blue continuum. tex2html_wrap_inline1610 and, to a lesser extent, tex2html_wrap_inline1612 appear partially filled-in by an emission core. Ringwald found a fine sinusoidal modulation of the tex2html_wrap_inline1614 radial velocity with an amplitude of tex2html_wrap_inline1616 and a period of 7.6 hours. However he dismissed a CV classification for PG 1002+506 and ascribed the RV modulation to some sort of noise and/or uneven sampling of the data.
The colors of our spectrum suggest little or absent reddening, in agreement with the very high galactic latitude (tex2html_wrap_inline1620). With an observed tex2html_wrap_inline1622 the object would lie at tex2html_wrap_inline1624 if an analogue of an Herbig Ae/Be star, with an implausible large tex2html_wrap_inline1630 for a young object. Alternatively, it could be a sdB-O star in a close binary or more probably a CV seen nearly pole-on (in agreement with the sharpness of absorption lines). The object deserves further investigation.

PG 1146+228.

Again our spectrum is identical with the unpublished one by Ringwald (1993), with a blue continuum and absorption lines by hydrogen and possibly He II 4686 Å. With a galactic latitude tex2html_wrap_inline1632 and V=15.5 the object must be a sdO.

KW And.

Blue continuum with possible weak tex2html_wrap_inline1636 emission. Comparing with the magnitude range quoted by DS93, our observation at V=18.7 suggests the object was in between quiescence and outburst states.

AQ Cmi, V344 Ori, EG Cnc.

CV-like spectra, with possibly He II in emission for EG Cnc.

AM Cas.

The Asiago spectrum shows an early-type continuum with broad hydrogen lines in deep absorption and only a weak emission core in tex2html_wrap_inline1640. This corresponds to an outburst state, as confirmed by the bright V=13.6 magnitude (cf. Table 7 (click here)) compared with the range of variability of the star listed by DS93. Adopting the intrinsic colors of a B8 V star, the B-V in Table 7 (click here) suggests tex2html_wrap_inline1646 and the tex2html_wrap_inline1648 gives tex2html_wrap_inline1650.
The Loiano spectrum (V=14.6) was secured when the star was far from an outburst maximum but not yet at flat quiescence conditions. Hydrogen emission lines are stronger and He I could be in weak emission. Broad and shallow absorptions with narrow emission cores dominate at higher Balmer lines. The continuum slope is redder compared with the Asiago outburst observation but still bluer than in the spectrum presented by Downes et al. (1995) which was secured during a flat quiescence phase. In the latter spectrum the broad and shallow absorptions in the higher Balmer lines are absent and the He I lines are in much stronger emission.

LM Cas.

Our spectrum has been secured when the object was at B=16.8, against a range from 15.8 to fainter than 19 according to DS93. The spectrum is featureless, except for a wide absorption at tex2html_wrap_inline1656. The star could have been caught during an outburst.

V410 Cas.

Antipin & Shugarov (1992) described the very unusual lightcurve of this object, characterized by long quiescence (at tex2html_wrap_inline1658) and two major outbursts in 1938 and 1975, when the star rose to B=15.5 Since 1975, the star is at flat maximum. They pointed out photometric similarity with symbiotic novae like PU Vul or HM Sge. Our spectrum is that of a WD of type DA (or possibly that of a CV in outburst, cf. the AM Cas spectrum in the same Fig. 1 (click here)), with no evidence for emission cores in the broad Balmer absorptions. Object classification is quite obscure given the photometric history. The spectrum has no relation to those of symbiotic stars and symbiotic novae both in quiescence and outbursts, and maximum brightness lasting 20 years makes association with typical CVs very difficult. Enigmatic object deserving further investigations.

V513 Cas.

Weak tex2html_wrap_inline1662 emission on a reddish, featureless continuum. Magnitudes and colors in Table 7 (click here) are very close to the values measured by Misselt (1996). Classification uncertain.

CG Cep.

At the time of our observation the star was at tex2html_wrap_inline1664 against the variability range reported by DS93 as 14.5-17.2 in blue light. tex2html_wrap_inline1668 is in moderate emission, tex2html_wrap_inline1670 filled-in and tex2html_wrap_inline1672 in absorption. The spectrum resembles outburst conditions. Magnitudes and colors index in Table 7 (click here) well match those measured by Misselt (1996).

EY Cyg.

A clear CV spectrum with He I in emission (He I 5876 Å\ affected by a cosmic ray), in full agreement with the photographic reproduction of a plate quiescence spectrum by Kraft (1962). A spectrum during decline from maximum has been presented by Szkody et al. (1990), with emission cores onto broad and shallow Balmer lines as above described for AM Cas outburst spectra.

V476 Cyg (= Nova Cyg 1920).

A nice CV spectrum for this old nova, with a blue continuum and He II in emission 75 years after the outburst. Magnitude and colors in good agreement with Bruch & Engel (1994).

V751 Cyg.

Our quiescence spectrum was secured at a similar flux level as recorded by Downes et al. (1995). Their spectrum shows only H-alpha in emission on a blue continuum, with two absorption features they identify with the G-band and NaI D doublet. Our spectrum suggests that the latter is instead due to He I 5876 Å and the G-band actually is part of the broad and shallow Balmer absorption around the tex2html_wrap_inline1678 core in emission. Magnitude and colors from our spectrum are in good agreement with the value reported by Bruch & Engels (1994).

V811 Cyg.

Text-book example of a CV spectrum (cf. with Fig. 1 (click here) in Paper II), with He II in emission.

V1075 Cyg.

Our spectrum shows a blue continuum with no perceptible feature at tex2html_wrap_inline1680. We observed the object at tex2html_wrap_inline1682, at the maximum of the brightness range listed by DS93. It could be a CV caught during an outburst.

V1504 Cyg.

Blue continuum without Balmer jump, weak tex2html_wrap_inline1684 in emission, possible tex2html_wrap_inline1686 core in emission inside a broad absorption, higher Balmer lines in absorption. Colors in Table 7 (click here) suggest a tex2html_wrap_inline1688.

HR Del (= Nova Del 1967).

Quite surprisingly, such a famous object has no published digital optical spectrum, according to DS93 and the SIMBAD database. The most recent published spectra seems to be the tracings of Kürster & Barwig (1988), obtained on photographic plates or with electronographic Lallemand cameras in the late 70ies. Our spectrum still show broad [OIII] lines but of now much reduced intensity, strong Balmer lines, He II 4686 and the 4640 Å complex (CIII, NIII) in emission. The He II (4686 Å)/tex2html_wrap_inline1690 ratio is still close to unity.

SY Gem (= Nova Gem 1856b).

Both candidates (stars #1 and #2) from the D87 finding chart have been observed. None of them show a CV-like spectrum, in agreement with the photometric data of Downes & Szkody (1989) and their spectrum description. SY Gem was reported at tex2html_wrap_inline1692 in 1857, 1858, 1904 and 1906, otherwise fainter than mag 10 or 12, a behaviour quite unusual for real novae. It could be a mis-identified object on the D87 finding chart, or a dwarf nova with erratic outbursts (and quiescence spectra dominated by the cool star) or a different type of variable. Downes & Skody reported that a nearby star, of tex2html_wrap_inline1694, could have the tex2html_wrap_inline1696 in emission.

NQ Lac.

We observed the star at B=16.5, close to the maximum brightness range reported by DS93. The spectrum is relatively featureless, with Balmer lines in weak absorption together with He II 4686 Å. The absence of a strong interstellar NaI D absorption (for a galactic latitude b=-1) suggests the object to be a sdO.

IR Lyr.

Our spectrum shows an A-type absorption continuum, with no trace of emission lines. It is very similar to the one presented by Downes et al. (1995). The object is not a CV.

MY Per.

Weak tex2html_wrap_inline1702 emission on a quite red continuum without molecular bands. Classification uncertain.

PV Per.

Blue continuum with weak tex2html_wrap_inline1704 emission. Dwarf nova outbursts described by Romano & Minello (1976).

V1062 Tau (=1H 0459+248).

tex2html_wrap_inline1706, tex2html_wrap_inline1708, He I 6678 Å\ and possibly Balmer continuum appear in emission onto of a reddish continuum. Major differences with the spectrum presented by Remillar et al. (1994) are He II 4686 Å very weak or absent in our spectrum, marked NaI D absorption and absence of He I 5876 Å.

  figure411
Figure 1: Spectra of AM Cas (Asiago), V1504 Cyg and V410 Cas. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1710

  figure419
Figure 2: Spectra of CG Cep, V1075 Cyg and 1H 1933+510. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1712

  figure427
Figure 3: Spectra of V513 Cas, LM Cas and V1062 Tau. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1714

  figure435
Figure 4: Spectra of V811 Cyg, KW And and PV Per. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The asterisk means that a boxcar smoothing (with a window of 3 pixels) has been applied. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1716

  figure443
Figure 5: Spectra of NQ Lac and MY Per. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The asterisk means that a boxcar smoothing (with a window of 3 pixels) has been applied. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1718

  figure451
Figure 6: Spectra of SY Gem #2 and HR Del. The (arb.) notation means an arbitary zero point setting in the flux scale. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1720

  figure460
Figure 7: Spectra of V751 Cyg, AM Cas (Loiano) and PG 1002+506. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1722

  figure468
Figure 8: Spectra of 1H 1025+220, 1H 0928+500 and EY Cyg. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The asterisk means that a boxcar smoothing (with a window of 3 pixels) has been applied. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1724

  figure476
Figure 9: Spectra of IR Lyr, PG 1146+228 and SY Gem #1. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The (arb.) notation means an arbitary zero point setting in the flux scale. The asterisk means that a boxcar smoothing (with a window of 3 pixels) has been applied. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1726

  figure485
Figure 10: Spectra of V476 Cyg, V344 Ori, AQ Cmi and EG Cnc. The offset applied for plot clarity is given in brackets next to the star name. The (arb.) notation means an arbitary zero point setting in the flux scale. The asterisk means that a boxcar smoothing (with a window of 3 pixels) has been applied. The spectra are not corrected for reddening. Fluxes in units of tex2html_wrap_inline1728

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank R. Passuello to have assisted us in securing some of the Asiago spectra.


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