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2. Observations and data reduction

Optical and IR observations were performed at La Silla, Asiago and Loiano Observatories in 1984-1985, 1989 and 1996 respectively, at different telescopes.

2.1. Optical photometry

CCD UBV photometric observations were carried out on January 17, 1996 at Loiano 1.52 m telescope with the BFOSC (Bologna Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera) used in camera mode. tex2html_wrap_inline1939 (V = 8.96) and tex2html_wrap_inline1943 (V = 9.28) were used as standard stars.

The data were reduced using specific photometric routines of the ESO MIDAS software.

2.2. Optical spectroscopy

Low, medium and high-dispersion spectroscopy was performed using different telescopes from April 1984 to January 1996. The journal of observations is presented in Table 1 (click here).

2.2.1. Low resolution

In April 1984 and March-April 1985 we obtained 33 low dispersion spectra at the ESO 1.52 m telescope equipped with a Boller & Chivens spectrograph + IDS (Image Dissector Scanner) detector with different reciprocal dispersions. 22 spectra were secured in order to detect variability on timescales of seconds and minutes. More recently, in January 1996, we obtained a spectrum at the Loiano 1.52 m telescope equipped with the BFOSC + CCD detector.

IDS spectra were calibrated in flux and wavelength using the IHAP software. Subsequently they were analyzed using the MIDAS software both for continuum normalization and for the determination of spectral line parameters. The BFOSC spectrum was wavelength-calibrated, normalized to the continuum and analyzed by MIDAS software.

 

 
# Date Exp. Wavelength Dispersion
(s)     (Å) (Å mm-1)
1 1984 Apr. 13 240 4720-7098 114 IDS
2 1984 Apr. 14 480 3980-5200 59 IDS
3 1984 Apr. 15 480 4810-6039 59 IDS
4-18 1984 Apr. 16 120 4200-8500 224 IDS
19-25 1984 Apr. 17 120 4200-8500 224 IDS
26 1985 Mar. 15 240 4705-7085 114 IDS
27 1985 Mar. 15 7200 6538-6589 3.0 CES
28 1985 Mar. 16 600 4000-5160 60 IDS
29 1985 Mar. 16 5400 5861-5908 2.6 CES
30 1985 Mar. 17 120 4200-8800 224 IDS
31 1985 Apr. 8 600 3950-5160 60 IDS
32 1985 Apr. 8 7200 6538-6588 3.0 CES
33 1985 Apr. 9 600 4790-7193 114 IDS
34 1985 Apr. 9 9000 6538-6589 3.0 CES
35 1985 Apr. 10 480 4790-8350 224 IDS
36 1985 Apr. 10 9000 8485-8555 3.8 CES
37 1985 Apr. 11 900 5710-6760 3.0 CASPEC
38 1989 Oct. 22 1800 6513-6603 10.4 RES
39 1989 Oct. 23 3000 4820-5020 7.5 RES
40 1996 Jan. 17 600 3940-7860 220 BFOSC
41 1996 Jan. 17 2400 5100-9800 22 BFOSC

Table 1: Journal of optical spectroscopic observations

2.2.2. High and medium resolution

In March and April 1985 five high-dispersion spectra were obtained at the ESO 1.4 m CAT (Coudé Auxiliary Telescope) telescope with CES (Coudé Echelle Spectrometer) spectrograph equipped with a Reticon detector and one high-dispersion spectrum was secured at the ESO 3.6 m telescope with CASPEC (Echelle Cassegrain Spectrograph) spectrograph equipped with a CCD detector.

Exposures ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 hours were employed for CES spectra, while a 15 minute exposure was used for CASPEC spectrum. The spectra were reduced with IHAP and/or MIDAS software packages.

In October 1989 three medium-dispersion spectra were secured at the 1.82 m Asiago telescope with RES (Reosc Echelle Spectrograph) spectrograph equipped with a CCD detector. Exposures ranging from 30 minutes to 50 minutes were employed.

The RES echelle orders were straightened through dedicated software developed at the Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte; in a further stage the spectra were calibrated in wavelength, normalized to the continuum and analyzed using the MIDAS software.

In January 1996 we obtained one medium-dispersion spectrum with an echelle grism at the BFOSC spectrograph. The spectrum was reduced and analyzed as RES spectra.

All spectra were reduced to heliocentric velocities.

2.3. Infrared photometry

Infrared photometric observations were carried out at the ESO 1 m telescope in April 1984 and March-April 1985. We used an InSb photometer detector with JHKLM filters. The integration times ranged from 45 seconds to 2 minutes depending on the filters and the selected signal to noise ratio. We used the following standard stars, extracted from the specific ESO Photometric Catalogue: HR 5132, HR 6748, HR 4167, HR 3314, HR 2970, HR 5824, HR 2845, HR 3842, HR 7120, HR 6736, HR 4695. JHKLM magnitudes were corrected for atmospheric extinction using the average ESO extinction coefficients.

2.4. Infrared spectrophotometry

Narrow band spectrophotometric observations were performed in the same period at the ESO 1 m telescope + InSb photometer + CVFs in order to give the energy distribution in the IR region up to 5 tex2html_wrap_inline1951m. The spectral resolving power was 70. The integration time for each filter was 30-45 seconds. In order to obtain the measurements in the full range for each CVF, 5-30 minutes were required. HR 2970, HR 4013, HR 5966 and HR 6748, extracted from the specific ESO Photometric Catalogue, were used as standard stars. The journal of observations is presented in Table 2 (click here).

The IR observations were almost simultaneous with the spectroscopic observations.

 

 
# Date Exposure Wavelength

Wheel Filter
(s) (s)   (tex2html_wrap_inline1957)
1 1984 Apr. 17 2040 45 1.4 -2.6
2 1984 Apr. 18 1483 45 2.4 - 4.5
3 '' 402 45 4.3 - 5.3
4 1985 Mar. 17 1283 32 1.4 - 2.6
5 '' 1125 32 2.4 - 4.5
6 '' 268 32 4.3 - 5.3
7 1985 Mar. 18 1246 32 1.4 - 2.6
8 '' 1134 32 2.4 - 4.5
9 '' 268 32 4.3 - 5.3
10 1985 Apr. 10 1453 32 1.4 - 2.6
11 '' 1224 32 2.4 - 4.5

Table 2: Journal of IR spectrophotometric observations


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