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5. The secondary standards

The transformed uvby and tex2html_wrap_inline1772 results for the program stars are presented in Table 5 (click here). For each of these potential secondary standards mean values of the indices are given together with their rms errors and the total number of observations. A few stars still have not quite enough observations and/or their rms errors are slightly high; they are easily identified from the information given in Table 5. In Figs. 3 (click here)-7 (click here) the indices given in Table 5 (click here) (with errors) have been compared with results published in the lists from which the candidates were selected.

Of the 10 B stars selected from Knude (1992) 8 are shown in Figs. 3 (click here) and 7 (click here). In average 8 observations per star have been obtained. Small systematic differences are noticed; our b-y results are typically slightly larger whereas tex2html_wrap_inline1776 and tex2html_wrap_inline1778 are typically slightly lower than obtained by Knude (1992). The b-y discrepancy might be partly removed if the adjustment described in Sect. 4 (click here) is applied on our data. For the two stars not shown in the figures (HD 60993 = SAO 153144 and HD 68572 = SAO 198913) our results disagree completely. Simbad information (mainly V) support our results for HD 68572, which has probably been misidentified by Knude. For HD 60993 the situation is less obvious; note that the very low tex2html_wrap_inline1784 value, indicating emission, is outside the range covered by our primary standards.

Figure 4 (click here) shows a comparison with the uvby indices of Kilkenny & Laing (1992) for 38 E-region stars, all belonging to the BAF transformation category . Again our b-y results are generally slightly larger and tex2html_wrap_inline1790 lower. If the adjustment of our b-y results mentioned in Sect. 4 (click here) is added the discrepancy becomes slightly larger in the 0.00 - 0.30 b-y interval and remains nearly unchanged between 0.30 and 0.40. We have no reason at all to suspect our tex2html_wrap_inline1798 results which are based on a large number of primary standards (Table 2 (click here)) for which the standard indices are nicely reproduced (Fig. 1 (click here)).

In Figs. 5 (click here) and 7 (click here) our results are compared with those published by Jønch-Sørensen (1993) for 31 E-region stars. 21 belong to the BAF transformation region, and the comments given above to the comparison with Kilkenny & Laing (1992) can basically be repeated. With respect to tex2html_wrap_inline1800 our results are in average slightly lower than obtained by Jønch-Sørensen (1993), supporting the indication given in his paper that the tex2html_wrap_inline1802 values might be about 0.006 too high. The remaining 10 stars are G and K giants, and here our tex2html_wrap_inline1804 results are typically 0.01 higher than obtained by Jønch-Sørensen. Considering the rather small number of primary standards available (we have used 8, Jønch-Sørensen 5) such differences are difficult to avoid and illustrate the transformation problems for this category of stars. Again the standard indices for the primary standard stars are, however, nicely reproduced by our transformations (Fig. 1 (click here)).

Results for 9 G and K dwarfs are compared with those by Olsen (1993, 1994a, 1994b) in Fig. 6 (click here). HD 219057 is not shown in the V panel (upper) since our V magnitude, which is based on 10 observations, is significantly brighter than the average obtained by Olsen (private communication); Olsen (1993) gives V = 9.589 and Olsen (1994b) gives V = 10.008, but both results have weight 0 in the catalogues. The star HD 66020 which shows the largest discrepancy in tex2html_wrap_inline1814 (Fig. 6 (click here), lower panel) lies slightly outside the tex2html_wrap_inline1816 interval covered by the primary standards we have used. With these comments two noticeable differences remain; our tex2html_wrap_inline1818 results are systematically about 0.01 higher than obtained by Olsen, and our tex2html_wrap_inline1820 results are typically about 0.01 lower. We have no clear explanation in hand; in neither of the studies the transformed tex2html_wrap_inline1822 and tex2html_wrap_inline1824 indices of the primary standards deviate systematically from their standard values (see Fig. 1 (click here)).

Table 5:  Catalogue of observed secondary standard stars. The ID column gives the E-region identification (Cousins & Stoy 1962), T indicates the uvby (A, D, G) and tex2html_wrap_inline1830 (A, B) transformation regions. tex2html_wrap_inline1832, N and tex2html_wrap_inline1836 indicate the number of observations in V, uvby indices and tex2html_wrap_inline1842 respectively; m.e. are the rms errors of one observation

Table 5: continued


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