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3. Results for individual stars

Our spectra do not cover the region around Htex2html_wrap_inline1364, but some information on the strength and variability of the Htex2html_wrap_inline1366 line can be derived from published tex2html_wrap_inline1368 and Geneva 7-color photometry. We, therefore, have added to Table 1 (click here) the observed tex2html_wrap_inline1370 index, and we calculated the corresponding index

tex2html_wrap_inline1372. According to Cramer (1984, 1994), the excess tex2html_wrap_inline1374 is the signature of the presence of an emission feature in the Htex2html_wrap_inline1376 line (a strong and variable excess points to the presence of a strong, respectively variable, emission component). We refer to Fig. 5 (click here) for an overview of all our observed Htex2html_wrap_inline1378 line profiles.

3.1. HD90966

Emission at Htex2html_wrap_inline1380 and Htex2html_wrap_inline1382 during 1957-1963 was reported by Buscombe (1970). Infrared excess was detected by IRAS (Oudmaijer et al. 1992). Despite its rather large tex2html_wrap_inline1384, our spectrum shows moderate Htex2html_wrap_inline1386 and OI emissions. He I tex2html_wrap_inline1388 6678 is in absorption and Paschen lines seem to be completely filled in by emission.

3.2. HD91188

HD91188 = SX Vel is a short-period (tex2html_wrap_inline1390) photometric variable that was extensively observed by Balona et al. (1992), for a phase diagram see Fig. 6 (click here). Years ago Albers (1969) reported emission at Htex2html_wrap_inline1392 and probable emission at OI tex2html_wrap_inline1394 7775. We have found a weak Htex2html_wrap_inline1396 emission while OI tex2html_wrap_inline1398 7775 is in absorption. The equivalent width of this line is rather large when compared to the average observed in non-shell Be stars of the same spectral type (Jashek et al. 1993). This could be evidence of a possible transition into a shell phase. He I tex2html_wrap_inline1400 6678 and Paschen lines are observed in absorption. In addition, weak (tex2html_wrap_inline1402tex2html_wrap_inline1404 0.5Å) FeI emission at tex2html_wrap_inline1406 7955 and 7959 seems to be present. The radial velocities of the P11-P15 Paschen lines show a mean of 19 tex2html_wrap_inline1408 11 km stex2html_wrap_inline1410, slightly larger than the radial velocity derived from the Htex2html_wrap_inline1412 profile (-16 km stex2html_wrap_inline1416). As absorption lines are formed close to the stellar photosphere and emission lines arise from the circumstellar gas, this fact probably indicates radial gas motions in the envelope.

3.3. HD94366

This B6IIIe star shows weak emission at Htex2html_wrap_inline1418 and Paschen lines in absorption. This is a very ill-studied star: the SIMBAD database does not give a single reference to previous studies.

  table303
Table 1: The observed stars. The exposure time and the mean signal to noise ratio at the continuum level are given for each spectrum. Magnitudes and spectral types are from Hoffleit et al. (1983). tex2html_wrap_inline1420 is the calculated tex2html_wrap_inline1422 index derived from the data published by Rufener (1988), tex2html_wrap_inline1424 is the observed Strömgren tex2html_wrap_inline1426 index taken from the catalogue of Hauck & Mermillod (1990), except for HD128293 for which the value by Reed (1996) was used

  table336
Table 2: (available electronically) The normalized spectra (SAMPLE; FULL TABLE WILL BE ELECTRONIC)

  table370
Table 3: Equivalent widths (Å) of spectral lines seen in our spectra. A slash separates equivalent widths measured with different criteria (see text). The Htex2html_wrap_inline1438 line in HD 94910 (AG Car) is blended with [NII] emission

  table433
Table 4: Radial velocities (km stex2html_wrap_inline1454) of spectral lines seen in our spectra

3.4. HD94910 (AG Car)

This is a well-studied Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) surrounded by a prominent ring nebula--see Humphreys & Davidson (1994) for a review of LBVs including AG Car, and van Genderen et al. (1996) for a discussion of the photometry. We have observed AG Car early in the phase of a new increase in brightness after a low-brightness phase lasting tex2html_wrap_inline1464 3 years. The star was at about tex2html_wrap_inline1466 during our observation (see Fig. 7 (click here) where its estimated position corresponds with the head of the vertical arrow). Our spectrum shows a very strong Htex2html_wrap_inline1468 emission peak (see Fig. 5 (click here)) flanked by weaker emissions probably corresponding to [NII] 6548 and 6584, which in our spectral resolution should, in fact, not be resolved. Helium emissions are also present.

The data plotted in Fig. 7 (click here) are from different sources, viz. Kilkenny et al. (1985), van Genderen et al. (1988, 1990), Leitherer et al. (1994) and data from the Long-Term Photometry of Variables project (LTPV, Sterken 1983, 1993) and published by Manfroid et al. (1991, 1994) and Sterken et al. (1993, 1995).

3.5. HD124834

Shallow, slightly symmetric double Htex2html_wrap_inline1472-Htex2html_wrap_inline1474 emissions were reported by Andersen & Nordstrom (1977). A strong double emission was observed at Htex2html_wrap_inline1476 on August 9, 1978 by Jaschek & Jaschek (1992). Our spectra show Htex2html_wrap_inline1478 and OI tex2html_wrap_inline1480 8446 in emission. Paschen lines and He I tex2html_wrap_inline1482 6678 are in absorption. The radial velocities of the P11-P15 Paschen absorption lines show a smooth negative progression with an average value of 66 tex2html_wrap_inline1484 22 km stex2html_wrap_inline1486 whereas the Htex2html_wrap_inline1488 and OI tex2html_wrap_inline1490 8446 emission lines and the He tex2html_wrap_inline1492 6678 line show velocities remarkably different with a mean of 5 tex2html_wrap_inline1494 3 km stex2html_wrap_inline1496.

3.6. HD128293

Emission in Htex2html_wrap_inline1498 and Htex2html_wrap_inline1500 with a mean equivalent width of 3.2 Å  was observed by Buscombe (1970). His radial velocity data (Buscombe 1962) show strong variations of both the emission and absorption component on time scales of 2-3 months. Htex2html_wrap_inline1502 double central emission with a broad absorption line on August 8, 1978 was reported by Jaschek & Jaschek (1992). Our spectra also show the presence of weak Htex2html_wrap_inline1504 emission. This star was observed by one of us in the survey reported by Sterken & Jerzykiewicz (1983), and was classified tex2html_wrap_inline1506, i.e. significant light variations (in the Strömgren b band) were detected in HD128293, the second comparison star HD131058, or in both. The associated u,v and y data have never been analysed, and could perhaps answer the question which of both stars is the dominant variable. Unfortunately, the data could not be retrieved by us from their repository.

3.7. HD179419

Several years ago this late-type B star showed a weak diffuse roughly symmetric Htex2html_wrap_inline1514 emission (Andersen & Nordstrom 1977). Our spectrum also shows a low-emission star characterized by a weak Htex2html_wrap_inline1516 emission upon broad absorption wings. Paschen lines are observed in absorption. The discrepant values of the radial velocities found in P13 and P11 could indicate contamination by CaII and/or NI at P13 and FeI tex2html_wrap_inline1518 tex2html_wrap_inline1520 8864 at P11. When comparing the mean radial velocity of Paschen lines (54 tex2html_wrap_inline1522 17 km stex2html_wrap_inline1524) with the Htex2html_wrap_inline1526 radial velocity (-16 km stex2html_wrap_inline1530) it seems that the envelope is radially moving out.

3.8. HD203699

Observations in the 21 cm hydrogen line have revealed that this star is immersed in a high-velocity interstellar cloud probably arising from an old supernova remnant (Little et al. 1994). The optical spectrum has shown central double emissions at Htex2html_wrap_inline1532, Htex2html_wrap_inline1534 and Htex2html_wrap_inline1536 upon underlying absorption lines on August 9, 1978 (Jaschek & Jaschek 1992). Htex2html_wrap_inline1538 emission with tex2html_wrap_inline1540 Å was observed on October 22, 1981 by Andrillat (1983). Our spectrum shows a stronger Htex2html_wrap_inline1542 emission and weak He tex2html_wrap_inline1544 absorptions. OI tex2html_wrap_inline1546 are in emission. Paschen lines seem to be completely filled by emission.

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Concepción, Chile, PI # 95.11.11.1-1. This research has made use of data obtained through the High Energy Astrophysics Research Center Online Service, provided by the NASA-Goddard Space Flight center. CS acknowledges a research grant from the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (NFWO). Part of the data discussed in this paper were collected under observing program ESO 57D-0133. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France.


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