One of the advantages of CCD photometry when compared to photoelectric detectors arises from the possibility of measuring more than one star simultaneously. This point is specially interesting in highly populated regions, as star clusters, where usually we are interested in several (or all) stars present in the CCD frame.
In order to transform instrumental CCD measurements to the standard system, it is necessary to observe a suitable set of standard stars. Quite often several stars are detected in the neighbourhood of a primary standard star, but they cannot be used in the reduction procedure due to the lack of standard photometry. So, the advantage arising from the two-dimensional character of CCD detectors is lost.
UBVRI standard stars by Landolt (1983, 1992) are widely used. They constitute an internally consistent and homogeneous realization of the Johnson-Cousins photometric system. Their location close to the celestial equator makes them accessible to telescopes in both hemispheres.
Period | Nov. 1991, Oct. 1993 | Dec. 1993 | Dec. 1994 |
Observatory | CAHA | OAN | CAHA |
Telescope | 1.23 m | 1.52 m | 1.23 m |
Type: | GEC#10 | THX 31156 | TEK#6 |
Size (pixels): |
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Pixel size: | 22 ![]() |
19 ![]() |
24 ![]() |
Field of view: |
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Gain: | 5.7
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3.5
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4.3
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RON: | 2.3 ADU | 2 ADU | 1.5 ADU |
Dyn. range: | 65535 ADU | 65535 ADU | 65535 ADU |
Linear up to: | 40000 ADU | 50000 ADU | 45000 ADU |
Bias level: | 260 ADU | 240 ADU | 261 ADU |
Overscan: | right-left | right-left | right-left |
wavelength (nm) | |||||
Detector | 360 | 440 | 550 | 650 | 800 |
GEC#10 | 17% | 19% | 31% | 49% | 43% |
TEK#6 | 50% | 60% | 65% | 70% | 60% |
THX 31156 | 17% | 15% | 28% | 38% | 32% |
The purpose of this paper is to provide standard UBVRI-CCD photometry for stars in the neighbourhood of several Landolt standard stars. This will allow the use of several reduction-useful stars from a single CCD frame. The stars presented in this paper are grouped in 11 different fields, each one containing at least one Landolt star.
Copyright The European Southern Observatory (ESO)