Table 2 lists the data for 14 Karachentsev's pairs observed.
Column (1) gives the identification in Karachentsev's catalog
of isolated pairs, Col. (2) gives other identifications,
Col. (3) gives the pair position (1950.0). Columns (4) to
(6) give the integrated magnitudes in B, V, I calculated as
described in the previous section. (7) and (8) give
the colors B-V and V-I. Column (9) gives the morphology
of each galaxy obtained from NED
(
gives
the new morphology found from the radial profiles). Column
(10) gives the radial velocities (km s-1 obtained from
NED).
Name | Id. |
RA![]() ![]() | B | V | I | B-V | V-I | Morph. |
![]() |
CPG018a | UGC 00496 | 00 45 54 +01 05.0 | 15.11 | 14.15 | 12.71 | 0.96 | 1.44 | E | 18648 |
CPG018b | UGC 00496 | 00 45 54 +01 05.0 | 14.78 | 13.80 | 12.57 | 0.98 | 1.23 | E | 19003 |
CPG069a | IC0233 | 02 29 03 +02 35.5 | 14.24 | 14.15 | 13.44 | 0.09 | 0.71 | dIn | 8266 |
CPG069b | CGCG388-036 | 02 29 03 +02 35.5 | 15.82 | 15.59 | 14.63 | 0.23 | 0.96 | Sab | 8303 |
CPG083a | NGC1143 | 02 52 39 -00 23.0 | 14.20 | 13.29 | 12.03 | 0.91 | 1.26 | E ![]() | 8514 |
CPG083b | NGC1144 | 02 52 39 -00 23.0 | 13.23 | 12.14 | 11.20 | 1.14 | 0.94 | Sring | 8714 |
CPG091a | CGCG391-011 | 03 32 45 -01 23.5 | 15.26 | 14.55 | 13.35 | 0.71 | 1.20 | Sa | 10674 |
CPG091b | CGCG391-012 | 03 32 45 -01 23.5 | 14.82 | 13.78 | 12.47 | 1.04 | 1.31 | Edust | 11086 |
CPG099a | NGC1587 | 04 28 06 +00 33.0 | 12.29 | 11.50 | 10.25 | 0.79 | 1.25 | E | 3800 |
CPG099b | NGC1588 | 04 28 06 +00 33.0 | 13.35 | 12.46 | 11.11 | 0.89 | 1.35 | Epec ![]() | 3495 |
CPG545a | UGC11567 | 20 25 42 +00 19.5 | 14.08 | 13.12 | 11.94 | 0.96 | 1.18 | SB? | 5762 |
CPG545b | CGCG373-015 | 20 25 42 +00 19.5 | 13.85 | 12.69 | 11.19 | 1.16 | 1.50 | Sb | 5732 |
CPG547a | UGC11593 | 20 32 12 +07 48.0 | 14.68 | 14.11 | 12.90 | 0.57 | 1.21 | E | 7856 |
CPG547b | UGC11593 | 20 32 12 +07 48.0 | 12.67 | 12.48 | 11.45 | 0.19 | 1.03 | Sc | 7887 |
CPG548a | NGC6962 | 20 44 51 +00 07.5 | 11.07 | 10.58 | 0.48 | SAB(r)ab | 4419 | ||
CPG548b | NGC6964 | 20 44 51 +00 07.5 | 12.20 | 10.88 | 1.32 | E | 4032 | ||
CPG551a | UGC11657 | 20 57 12 -02 04.0 | 14.00 | 13.49 | 12.40 | 0.51 | 1.09 | Pec | 6033 |
CPG551b | UGC11658 | 20 57 12 -02 04.0 | 14.50 | 13.84 | 13.02 | 0.56 | 1.09 | SAB(rs)s | 6025 |
CPG575a | NGC7469 | 23 00 46 +08 36.9 | 12.86 | 12.65 | 12.56 | 0.21 | 0.29 | SAB(rs)s | 5083 |
CPG575b | IC5283 | 23 00 46 +08 36.9 | 13.72 | 12.98 | 11.71 | 0.74 | 1.27 | SA(r)cdpec | 5220 |
CPG577a | CGCG406-013 | 23 08 18 +08 52.0 | 14.92 | 14.18 | 12.95 | 0.74 | 1.23 | E | 11646 |
CPG577b | CGCG406-013 | 23 08 18 +08 52.0 | 14.94 | 14.01 | 12.74 | 0.93 | 1.27 | E ![]() | 11762 |
CPG580a | NGC7587 | 23 15 24 +09 23.5 | 13.35 | 12.06 | 10.92 | 1.29 | 1.14 | SBab | 8819 |
CPG580b | CGCG406-051 | 23 15 24 +09 23.5 | 14.53 | 14.03 | 12.55 | 0.50 | 1.48 | S | 8508 |
CPG583a | CGCG380-058 | 23 24 00 +02 02.5 | 14.46 | 13.54 | 12.23 | 0.92 | 1.31 | S0? ![]() | 5876 |
CPG583b | CGCG380-059 | 23 24 00 +02 02.5 | 14.46 | 13.54 | 12.23 | 0.92 | 1.31 | Sa | 5561 |
CPG587a | NGC7714 | 23 33 45 +01 52.7 | 11.86 | 11.99 | 11.99 | -0.13 | 1.16 | SB(s)b | 2980 |
CPG587b | NGC7715 | 23 33 45 +01 52.7 | 11.81 | 12.14 | 10.22 | -0.33 | 1.92 | Impec | 2933 |
CPG018 is a very interesting EE pair with a common envelope. Elliptical models were fitted and surface brightness profiles follow an r1/4 law, however the ellipticity of the isophotal contours vary from 0 to 0.4 outside 10 arcsec.
CPG069 is a late-type pair with the two galaxies showing tidal effects in their shapes. CPG069a is a warm IRAS galaxy with flux ratio F60/F30 = 2.86 and its spectra is typical of an HII region galaxy (Kailey & Lebofsky 1988). CPG069a surface brightness profile in the central regions are not well fitted.
CPG083 is a strongly interacting mixed pair also known as Arp 118 or VV331. Both galaxies, NGC 1143(E) and NGC 1144 (S), show starburst activities and signs of tidal distortion. The spiral galaxy presents a knotty ring with a peculiar structure which can be interpreted as the product of an interaction of two disk galaxies (Hippelein 1989). From the surface brightness profile it is clear that NGC 1143 is in fact a lenticular galaxy.
CPG091 is a mixed pair with moderate signs of interaction.
The elliptical galaxy presents a strong dust lane and its
surface brightness profile follows an r1/4 law. The
ellipticity of the isophotal contours is 0.4 outside
10 arcsec.
CPG099 is an early-type pair strongly interacting. The two
early-type galaxies (NGC 1587/88) show isophotal distortion
and asymmetric light distribution. See
Borne & Hoessel (1988)
for a simulation of this pair. From the surface brightness
profile it is clear that NGC 1588 is in fact a lenticular
galaxy. For NGC 1587 the ellipticity of the isophotal contours
is 0.3 outside 15 arcsec.
CPG545 is a late-type pair composed by a barred spiral and an Sb galaxy. Photometry of this pair is affected by bright stars in the field.
CPG547 is a mixed pair in close contact. The barred spiral
galaxy is edge-on and overlaps the elliptical (Keel 1993). The
surface brightness profiles of the elliptical galaxy follow
an r1/4 law. The ellipticity of the isophotal contours
is quite irregular varying from 0 to 0.2 outside
10 arcsec.
CPG548 is a mixed pair. The spiral galaxy has two long
symmetric arms and a weak central bar and the elliptical has
an elongated shape. The surface brightness profiles follow
an r1/4 law. Rampazzo et al. (1995) studied its
kinematics and found signs of interaction. The ellipticity of
the isophotal contours of NGC 6964 is 0.3 outside
20 arcsec.
CPG551 is a late-type pair strongly disturbed by tidal effects.
CPG575 is a late-type pair of galaxy with one galaxy (IC 5283) very disturbed by tidal effects and the other one (NGC 7469) with an outer and an inner ring (Buta & Crocker 1993; Marquez & Moles 1994). Structures can be seen in their surface brightness profiles. Seyfert activity is present (Marquez & Moles 1994).
CPG577 is an early-type pair. No common halo was found. The
surface brightness profiles show that CPG577b is a lenticular
galaxy. The surface brightness profiles of CPG577a follow an
r1/4 law. The ellipticity of the isophotal contours
is quite irregular, varying from 0.4 to 0.2 in
the inner region between 6 to 10 arcsec, and from
0.2 to 0.4 outside 10 arcsec.
CPG580 is a late-type pair with one of the galaxies very disturbed and with a barred spiral with a dust lane and a warped disk (NGC 7587).
CPG583 is a mixed pair, with a spiral and a lenticular without any clear peculiarity.
CPG587 is a late-type pair with two very disturbed late-type galaxies. NGC 7715 has an irregular shape and NGC 7714 has a bar and a peculiar ring.
We have classified these pairs according to the degree of
distortion that each galaxy presents. We used a slightly
modified version of the classification scheme proposed by
Dahari (1985). Pairs with galaxies that showed strong signs
of interaction were called which corresponds to
classes 4, 5 and 6 of Dahari. Pairs with moderate signs of
interaction were called
(2 and 3 in Dahari's
scheme) and pairs with weak or no sign of interaction were
called
. Pairs that had one galaxy disturbed
and one normal were classified as M-W. In Table 3 we
present the classification of the peculiarities
according to this scheme, the angular separation
(
(')), the projected separation (in
kpc)
and the radial velocity difference (in km s-1).
Name | Type | Int.Class |
![]() | Sep. |
![]() | |
(') |
(![]() | (km s-1) | ||||
CPG 018 | EE | ![]() | 0.34 | 18.6 | 355 | |
CPG 069 | SS | ![]() | 0.70 | 16.9 | 37 | |
CPG 083 | ES | ![]() | 0.71 | 17.8 | 200 | |
CPG 091 | ES | ![]() | 0.72 | 22.8 | 412 | |
CPG 099 | EE | ![]() | 0.97 | 10.3 | 305 | |
CPG 545 | SS | ![]() | 0.34 | 05.7 | 30 | |
CPG 547 | ES | ![]() | 0.67 | 15.3 | 31 | |
CPG 548 | ES | ![]() | 1.76 | 21.6 | 387 | |
CPG 551 | SS | ![]() | 0.98 | 17.2 | 8 | |
CPG 575 | SS | ![]() | 1.32 | 19.8 | 137 | |
CPG 577 | EE | ![]() | 0.47 | 16.0 | 116 | |
CPG 580 | SS | ![]() | 0.82 | 20.7 | 311 | |
CPG 583 | ES | ![]() | 1.00 | 16.6 | 315 | |
CPG 587 | SS | ![]() | 1.88 | 16.2 | 47 | |
We have looked for star formation regions in the galaxies of our sample. Color maps (B-V and V-I) were used to identify these regions. Blue regions, blue tails, bars, patchy and knotty features were identified in most of the late-type galaxies. The strongest tidal damage and star formation regions are found in CPG083 and CPG551. CPG083 is a mixed pair with late-type galaxy completely disrupted and with prominent blue star formation regions (see also Hippelein 1989). CPG551a presents several blue knots typical of star formation activity and CPG551b presents a blue tail and a blue central bar. We have used color maps in order to identify dust regions and found clear signs of dust in early and late-type galaxies. CPG091b has the strongest equatorial dust lane of our sample. The warped galaxy CPG580a also shows a strong dust feature. Another interesting result is the number of barred galaxies found in our sample. Six late-type galaxies are barred, however no late-type pair was found to have two barred galaxies. Reduzzi & Rampazzo (1996) also found a frequent presence of bars in pairs and suggested that bars would be an efficient transient mechanism to transfer gas to the nuclear region and produce nuclear activity.
We have also looked for inner substructures in the early-type galaxies in our sample following the same procedure used in de Mello et al. (1995, 1996) and Reduzzi et al. (1994). Elliptical models were subtracted from the images and residual images were created using the ELLIPSE task (IRAF). In this procedure the residual intensity along each ellipse are parametrized in terms of harmonic components. The deviations from a pure ellipse are expressed as a Fourier series such that the fourth cosine term (C4) describes whether the isophotes are pointy (positive) or boxy (negative). After careful residual images analysis we verify that six early-type galaxies show residual features indicating deviations from elliptical isophotes. On the other hand, for the remaining five early-type galaxies in our sample (CPG018b, CPG083a, CPG099a, CPG547a and CPG548b) no substructure is observed, and the residual images of these galaxies are very similar to E506-01 shown in Reduzzi et al. (1994).
The images of CPG018a, CPG091b and CPG577a, after subtraction, show ripples and asymmetries like AM2312-511 (Reduzzi et al. 1994). The model-subtracted image of CPG099b presents a substructure, like a cross, elongated towards the tidal deformation (south) of the galaxy, similar to the E5720420 (Reduzzi et al. 1996). They classified this residual feature as "discy isophotes". According to Reduzzi et al. (1996b), after model subtraction, discy ellipticals show a filament of light which corresponds to the area where the model underestimates the light. The filament could be real or artificial; the later produced by the combined effects of pointy isophotes and twisting of the isophotes. The calculated average value of the coefficient C4 between 10'' and 20'' for this galaxy is -0.02. The residual images of the CPG577b and CPG583a show the most interesting inner features in our sample. CPG577b have inner shells like the residual map of NGC 2300 (Forbes & Thomson 1992, Plate 2a) and CPG583a shows an X-structure similar to the E556-130 (Reduzzi et al. 1994). Deviations, such as X-structures, could be associated to the fact that we were adjusting an elliptical model to a boxy galaxy. Reduzzi et al. (1996b) concluded that in E556-130 (NGC 2211), the X-structure is described by sudden variation in the trend of C4 from a boxiness of up to -1.6 percent to a diskiness which reaches 2 percent. However, Forbes & Thomson (1992) have suggested that a variety of phenomena could be responsible for the boxy isophotes. We verified a similar variation of C4 as a function of semi-major axis for both CPG577b (-0.007 inner 15'' to 0.02 out) and CPG583a (-0.01 inner 12'' to 0.03 out).