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2. Observations and reductions

The spectroscopic observations were made on the nights of April 10-13 1994 using the MEFOS spectrograph on the ESO 3.6 m telescope. MEFOS is a robot controlled fiber instrument with 30 arms, disposed like fishermen around a pond, about the tex2html_wrap_inline1065 prime focus field. The detector is a Tek tex2html_wrap_inline1067 CCD, ESO 32. The dispersion on the CCD was 170 Å/mm and the spectra covered the range from 3800 to 5100 Å. The resolution given by the combination of tex2html_wrap_inline1069 fibers and CCD tex2html_wrap_inline1071 pixel with the standard Boller & Chivens spectrograph on the 3.6 m telescope was 3.8 Å. The tex2html_wrap_inline1069 fibers are disposed in pairs, one for object and sky and one for sky. The arms bulk only permitted a minimum angular distance of 6' between targets, a strong constraint. Switching between the fibers permits precise sky substraction. We exposed twice for 15-20 minutes. Further description of this equipment and discussion of its performance can be found in Felenbok et al.\ (1996).

The MEFOS system permits one to obtain a CCD image of a square field 30'' in size around each target, providing a precise centering of the fibers. The original target selection was based on catalogs produced by the MAMA machine from scans of the R ESO/SRC survey plates done for our project (Slezak et al. 1996; Infante et al. 1996). Due to the rather low galactic latitude of the fields, some tex2html_wrap_inline1081 of the galaxies identified by the MAMA software proved to be confused or merged objects. Such a rather high fraction is also related to the use of a glass-plate copy on which the measured seeing on the stars can be evaluated around 3 arcsec; confusion mostly occured between a faint or low surface brightness galaxy and a nearby faint star. The MEFOS procedure allows the fiber to be re-centred when necessary. This possibility led to the observation of some faint galaxies, much fainter than the homogeneous sample originally intended. Moreover, due to the severe angular limitation referred above, we were prevented from observing many bright galaxies. Therefore, the observed galaxies are far from been a magnitude limited sample. In the galaxy selection process no consideration was taken of the few previously known redshifts, thus generating some overlap for comparison purposes.

The data reduction was carried out at Meudon using the standard IRAF package. This software package efficiently corrects for bias, flat field, and sky emission, combines the individual exposures and provides 1D spectra calibrated in wavelength. Wavelength calibrations were done using a 5 min. exposure with an tex2html_wrap_inline1083 or a tex2html_wrap_inline1085 lamp taken inmediately before and after each observation. The spectra were rebinned with a scale of 1 Å/bin equally spaced in wavelength. The velocities were determined from the cross-correlation procedure with stellar and galaxy template spectra of known radial velocity, according to Tonry & Davis (1979). We used the RVSAO package developped at Harvard (Kurtz et al.\ 1991; Mink et al. 1995).


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