next previous
Up: Abundances for globular

4. Atmospheric parameters

Model atmospheres appropriate for each star were extracted from the grid of K92.gif Values of effective temperature tex2html_wrap_inline2380 and surface gravity tex2html_wrap_inline2382 for giants observed in 47 Tuc, NGC 6752 and NGC 6397 (sample CG96) were taken from Frogel et al. (1981, 1983). Frogel et al's tex2html_wrap_inline2384's are based on visual-near infrared colours (mainly V-K), transformed into temperatures based on the Cohen et al. (1978; hereinafter CFP) scale. tex2html_wrap_inline2388 values are determined from the position of the stars in the colour-magnitude diagram (CMD). These values are considered as accurate as tex2html_wrap_inline2390100 K in tex2html_wrap_inline2392 and tex2html_wrap_inline23940.3 dex in log g, including possible uncertainties in the effective temperature scale, as well in the adopted red giant mass, in the bolometric corrections and in the cluster distance modulus.

tex2html_wrap_inline2398 and tex2html_wrap_inline2400 values for stars in the SKPL sample are also generally based on CFP's scale, except for giants in M 92 and M 15; in these two cases the authors used tex2html_wrap_inline2402's from Carbon et al. (1982) and Trefzger et al. (1983). The reader should be warned that final values for tex2html_wrap_inline2404 and log g, in the SKPL sample, are slightly different from the actual values on the CFP's scale. This is because SKPL adjusted the adopted photometric temperatures until a slope close to zero was achieved for the relationship between Fe I abundances from individual lines and excitation potential. However, as discussed in their papers, the agreement of photometric and final spectroscopic tex2html_wrap_inline2408 was from the beginning well within the uncertainties of the temperature scale itself, so that neither the abundance ratios for individual stars nor the mean values for the clusters are significatively changed by adopting the tabulated values of atmospheric parameters from SKPL.

In the G8689 sample, tex2html_wrap_inline2410 and tex2html_wrap_inline2412 values were homogeneously adopted from Frogel et al. (1979, 1981, 1983) and are also used in the present work. For other data sets (McW92, NDC) we were able to use atmospheric parameters from Frogel and coworkers. Only half of the 18 stars from M93 have tex2html_wrap_inline2414\ and tex2html_wrap_inline2416 values listed in Frogel et al.; for the missing stars, we used their original values, derived spectroscopically from the dependence of tex2html_wrap_inline2418\ on excitation potential and from the Fe ionization equilibrium. In fact, the parameters adopted by M93 are with very good approximation on the CFP's scale: the mean for the stars in common are: tex2html_wrap_inline2420 (tex2html_wrap_inline2422=30 K, 8 stars) and log g(Frogel)tex2html_wrap_inline2426(M93)=tex2html_wrap_inline2428 dex (tex2html_wrap_inline2430=0.17 dex, 7 stars). For further details, see the original papers of G8689 and SKPL. The starting input values for [Fe/H] were those from the original analyses.

Metallicities were obtained varying the metal abundance [A/H] of the model until it was equal to the derived [Fe/H] value. For the microturbulent velocity tex2html_wrap_inline2432, the input values were changed until no trend in Fe abundance with the EW of Fe I lines was presentgif. However, for giants in M 92 and M 15 only a few lines were available, so we took the values of tex2html_wrap_inline2436 from the relationship:
equation390
derived elsewhere (Carretta et al. 1996; Gratton & Carretta 1996) for field stars. The adopted atmospheric parameters are listed in Table 9 (also available in electronic form) for all the stars studied in the present paper. Metallicities were obtained varying the metal abundance [A/H] of the model until it was equal to the derived [Fe/H] value.


next previous
Up: Abundances for globular

Copyright EDP Sciences
web@edpsciences.com